Researchers from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru have developed a groundbreaking method to repair bricks used in lunar construction using bacteria. This innovation addresses a key challenge in establishing permanent habitats on the Moon, where extreme temperature fluctuations and constant exposure to solar winds and meteorites can lead to structural damage.
Challenges of Building on the Moon
Future lunar missions, such as NASA’s Artemis program, aim to create long-term bases rather than just conducting flyby missions. However, the Moon’s harsh environment—where temperatures range from 121°C to -133°C—poses a significant risk to structures built using traditional materials. Cracks in lunar bricks due to these conditions could lead to structural failure over time.
The Innovative Repair Process
In a study published in Frontiers in Space Technologies, IISc researchers developed a bacteria-based repair method using Sporosarcina pasteurii, a microbe known for its cementation properties. The process involves:
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Artificially creating cracks in bricks.
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Injecting a slurry made of Sporosarcina pasteurii, guar gum, and lunar soil-like material into the cracks.
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The bacteria decompose urea, producing carbonate and ammonia.
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Calcium in the bricks reacts with the carbonate to form calcium carbonate, which, along with guar gum, acts as a cementing agent to repair the damage.
Durability and Future Applications
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The reinforced bricks withstood temperatures between 100°C and 175°C in lab tests.
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The researchers believe that this method could significantly improve the longevity of lunar structures by self-healing cracks over time.
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The team is also exploring sending Sporosarcina pasteurii to space aboard India’s Gaganyaan mission to study its behavior in microgravity.
This development could pave the way for sustainable, long-term lunar habitats, making space colonization more feasible.
